Manual de técnicas del estudio de la fauna

ISBN: 978-607-7579-45-8

D.R. © Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351,
El Haya, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, México

CONTENIDO

1. Técnica de colecta, manejo y envío de muestras biológicas de fauna silvestre tropical
2. Técnicas de campo y laboratorio para el estudio de parásitos
3. Aplicaciones del análisis de isótopos estables para el manejo y conservación de fauna silvestre
4. Métodos estadísticos aplicados al estudio de vertebrados.
5. Evaluación de la diversidad de especies en ensamblajes de vertebrados: un primer acercamiento midiendo y comparando la riqueza de especies.
6. Análisis de viabilidad poblacional aplicado al manejo de fauna.
7. Técnicas para estimar la capacidad de carga para herbívoros.
8. Técnicas para el estudio de murciélagos.
9. Métodos de investigación social: fundamentos, técnicas y aportaciones para el entendimiento de las relaciones sociedad -vida silvestre-.

Editora: Sonia Gallina Tessaro

Classification of vegetation types in the habitat of white-tailed deer in a location of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

ISSN 1940-0829

June 2015 | Vol. 8 | Issue 2 | pages 284-597

Classification of vegetation types in the habitat of white-tailed deer in a location of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

Ariana Barrera-Salazar, Salvador Mandujano
Oscar A. Villarreal Espino-Barros & Daniel Jiménez-García

Abstract
This paper classifies the vegetation types that comprise the habitat of the white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus at a location within the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan Biosphere Reserve (TCBR) in Mexico.

The vegetation was sampled, identified, and mapped at 308 points distributed along 28 transects (each of 500 m in length). To determine the effect of the classified and mapped vegetation types on the white-tailed deer, we estimated population density using the PELLET procedure based on the pellet-group count method.

The principal vegetation types at the study site are tropical dry forest (TDF, 63% of the area) dominated by tetecho (Neobuxbaumia tetezo), uña de gato (Mimosa spp.) and mulato (Bursera spp.), and crassicaule scrub dominated by mantecoso (Parkinsonia praecox).

The TDF can be sub-classified into four spatially different clusters (vegetation types) depending on the dominance of these species. The white-tailed deer population density varied significantly depending on vegetation type. Our results contribute to the ecological knowledge of the white-tailed deer in tropical habitats and are of value for the implementation of effective conservation and management.

(contacta a los autores, pulsando sobre sus nombres)

Riqueza y abundancia relativa de mamíferos medianos y grandes en una localidad en la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Oaxaca, México

THERYA, 2015, Vol. 6 (2): 435-448
DOI: 10.12933/therya-15-277, ISSN 2007-3364

Riqueza y abundancia relativa de mamíferos medianos y grandes en una localidad en la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Oaxaca, México

Oscar Cruz-Jácome • Eva López-Tello •
Christian A. Delfín-Alfonso • Salvador Mandujano

Introduction: In Mexico, the state of Oaxaca is the second with higher mammalian richness. However, habitat loss and poaching have resulted in the decline and extinction of several species of flora and fauna. The present study focused on identifying the species richness and the relative abundance of medium and large mammals in the community of San Gabriel Casa Blanca, in the Biosphere Reserve Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. The work is important for the management and conservation of wildlife.
(contacta a los autores, pulsando sobre sus nombres)

Cascading impacts of anthropogenically driven habitat loss: deforestation, flooding, and possible lead poisoning in howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)

ISSN: 0032-8332 (print version)
ISSN: 1610-7365 (electronic version)

Cascading impacts of anthropogenically driven habitat loss: deforestation, flooding, and possible lead poisoning in howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)

Juan Carlos Serio-Silva •Eugenia J. Olguín •
Luis Garcia-Feria • Karla Tapia-Fierro •
Colin A. Chapman

Abstract
To construct informed conservation plans, researchers must go beyond understanding readily apparent threats such as habitat loss and bush-meat hunting. They must predict subtle and cascading effects of anthropogenic environmental modifications. This study considered a potential cascading effect of deforestation on the howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) of Balancán, Mexico. Deforestation intensifies flooding. Thus, we predicted that increased flooding of the Usumacinta River, which creates large bodies of water that slowly evaporate, would produce increased lead content in the soils and plants, resulting in lead exposure in the howler monkeys. The average lead levels were 18.18 ± 6.76 ppm in the soils and 5.85 ± 4.37 ppm in the plants. However, the average lead content of the hair of 13 captured howler monkeys was 24.12 ± 5.84 ppm. The lead levels in the animals were correlated with 2 of 15 blood traits (lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin) previously documented to be associated with exposure to lead. Our research illustrates the urgent need to set reference values indicating when adverse impacts of high environmental lead levels occur, whether anthropogenic or natural, and the need to evaluate possible cascading effects of deforestation on primates.

Evaluation of fecal sex steroids in captive horned guan (Oreophasis derbianus, Aves: Cracidae)

Evaluación de esteroides sexuales fecales del pavón cornudo (Oreophasis derbianus, Aves: Cracidae) en cautiverio

Dr. Luis M. GARCÍA-FERIA,
Dra. Carolina VALDESPINO

Abstract
The measurement of sexual steroids over time allows evaluating the changes in reproductive function of individuals. We evaluate the profiles of fecal testosterone (T_f) and fecal estradiol (E_2f) of three males and four females of Oreophasis derbianus (Aves: Cracidae) in a breeding program. Sex steroids faecal samples were quantified by a chemoluminiscence immunoassay. There are not significant differences in the T_f concentrations between males (P = 0.894) and along the sampling time (P = 0.305), but there was a hormone pattern corresponding with monogamous mating system, even when the polygyny has been reported in this bird. One of the individuals had higher concentrations E_2f (34.09 ± 1 .08 ng/g) than the other two (6.83 ± 1 .38 and 7.98 ± 2.13 ng/g), suggesting a greater reproductive age, as has been previously reported that this hormone increases with senescence. The females did no show significant differences between them (P = 0.473) and along sampling time (P = 0.668). The evaluation of the concentrations of both steroids in the same individual and their ratio allowed defining that the hormonal activity corresponds to the traditionally assigned to each sex, where males show Tf concentrations larger than females and the opposite in the case of E_2f. The E_2f/T_f ratio is therefore greater in females. In captivity, estimate the gonadal activity to determine the success or reproductive failure, assess sexual maturity and fertility of wild animals, allow determining if an individual or group has the ability to reproduce and become part of a breeding program.

Disponible en Acta Zoológica Mexicana 31(1):1-9

Presentación del libro "Monitoreo y manejo del venado cola blanca. Conceptos y Métodos"

PRESENTACION
DE
LIBRO

por

• Ing. Antonio González A.    (SEMARNAT),
• Dr. Arturo Orozco    (ASUMAVER),
• Dr. Martín Aluja (INECOL)

Amphibian Diversity and Threatened Species in a Severely Transformed Neotropical Region in México

Amphibian Diversity and Threatened Species in a Severely Transformed Neotropical Region in México

Yocoyani Meza-Parral,
Dr. Eduardo Pineda Arredondo

Abstract
Many regions around the world concentrate a large number of highly endangered species that have very restricted distributions. The mountainous region of central Veracruz, Mexico, is considered a priority area for amphibian conservation because of its high level of endemism and the number of threatened species. The original tropical montane cloud forest in the region has been dramatically reduced and fragmented and is now mainly confined to ravines and hillsides. We evaluated the current situation of amphibian diversity in the cloud forest fragments of this region by analyzing species richness and abundance, comparing assemblage structure and species composition, examining the distribution and abundance of threatened species, and identifying the local and landscape variables associated with the observed amphibian diversity. From June to October 2012 we sampled ten forest fragments, investing 944 person-hours of sampling effort. A total of 895 amphibians belonging to 16 species were recorded. Notable differences in species richness, abundance, and assemblage structure between forest fragments were observed. Species composition between pairs of fragments differed by an average of 53%, with the majority (58%) resulting from species replacement and the rest (42%) explained by differences in species richness. Half of the species detected are under threat of extinction according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and although their distribution and abundance varied markedly, there were also ubiquitous and abundant species, along with rare species of restricted distribution. The evident heterogeneity of the ten study sites indicates that to conserve amphibians in a mountainous region such as this one it is necessary to protect groups of fragments which represent the variability of the system. Both individually and together cloud forest fragments are very important to conservation because each remnant is inhabited by several threatened species, some of them at imminent risk of extinction.

Disponible en journals.plos.org

Documental producido por la Dra. Carolina Valdespino y el Acuario de Veracruz

La ausencia de la nutria de río se asocia con la perturbación de los ecosistemas acuáticos. Sus heces fecales se usan para saber en dónde están presentes. También se cuantifica el estrés en éstas, como resultado de la modificación del paisaje aledaño al rio y la calidad del agua.

Información: Dra. Carolina Valdespino Quevedo

Monitoreo y manejo del venado cola blanca

ISBN: 978-607-7579-41-0
ISBN: 978-607-487-767-0

Monitoreo y manejo
del
venado cola blanca
"Conceptos y Métodos"

Editores: Dra. Sonia Gallina
Dr. Salvador Mandujano
Dr. Oscar Villareal

El VENADO COLA BLANCA es la especie de fauna silvestre mas manejada en México dentro de las Unidades para la Conservación y Uso Sustentable de la Vida Silvestre (UMAs) y en las Areas Naturales Protegidas (ANPs). El presente libro titulado: "Monitoreo y manejo del venado cola blanca: conceptos y métodos" tiene como principal objetivo contribuir a la conservación y manejo sustentable del venado cola blanca en México. Las temáticas principales son:

1. la estimación de la densidad de venados empleando diferentes métodos de muestreo;
2. la caracterización y evaluación de variables del hábitat, la capacidad de carga del hábitat y la composición botánico de la dieta;
3. el monitoreo de otros parámetros como del ciclo reproductivo y parásitos del venado;
4. el monitoreo de las astas y regionalización de las subespecies; y
5. el manejo en UMAs.

El libro está dirigido a técnicos, estudiantes de licenciaturas y posgrado de diversas áreas biológicas, autoridades de las diferentes instancias gubernamentales encargadas de la administración de la especie y al público en general.