jueves, 22 de septiembre de 2016

Individual variation in the booming calls of captive Horned Guans (Oreophasis derbianus)

   Online ISSN: 2165-0586
    Print ISSN: 0952-4622
Individual variation in the booming calls of captive Horned Guans (Oreophasis derbianus): an endangered Neotropical mountain bird
Fernando González-García, J. Roberto Sosa-López, Juan Francisco Ornelas, Pedro Jordano, Victor Rico-Gray & Vicente Urios Moliner

Abstract
The Horned Guan (Oreophasis derbianus) is a cracid restricted to cloud forests in the Sierra Madre of Chiapas in Mexico and the westerncentral Mountains in Guatemala. It is an endangered species and urgent conservation measures are required, such as non-invasive monitoring techniques. Here, we study individual features in the boom calls of Horned Guans. ... View full abstract

miércoles, 14 de septiembre de 2016

what is perceived as working?

Oryx, Volume 50, Issue 2
ISSN: 0030-6053 EISSN: 1365-3008
Safeguarding biodiversity: what is perceived as working, according to the conservation community?
COLIN A. CHAPMAN, ANNEKE DELUYCKER, RAFAEL A. REYNA-HURTADO, JUAN CARLOS SERIO-SILVA, THOMAS B. SMITH KAREN B. STRIER & TONY L. GOLDBERG

Abstract
Dramatic increases in human populations and per capita consumption, climate change, overexploitation of marine and freshwater resources, and deforestation have caused a litany of negative consequences for biodiversity. Such doom-and-gloom scenarios are widely known, frequently cited and frankly depressing. Although accurate assessments of threats have clear value for intervention planning, we believe there is also a need to reflect on successes. Such reflection provides balance to negative scenarios and may shift attention towards constructive, positive action.
... View full abstract

viernes, 3 de junio de 2016

Registro fotográfico Desmodus rotundus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) alimentándose de Odocoileus virginianus en Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, México

Primer registro fotográfico de murciélagos hematófagos Desmodus rotundus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) alimentándose de Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, México
portada

ISSN 2382-3704
VOLUMEN 3(1):17-19
Mayo 2016

Eva López Tello-Mera  
Salvador Mandujano  



   Los murciélagos hematófagos se distribuyen en Latinoamérica, desde  México hasta el norte de Argentina (Greenhall et al. 1983, Greenhall et al. 1984, Greenhall & Schutt 1996). Estos murciélagos contribuyen a regular las poblaciones de fauna silvestre de las que se alimentan (González Christen 2003). Las especies Diphylla ecaudata y Diaemus youngi también contribuyen en el mantenimiento de la salud de las poblaciones ya que solo atacan individuos débiles o enfermos (Horváth 2010). De las tres especies (D. ecaudata, D. youngi y Desmodus rotundus) que se distribuyen en México, D. rotundus es la más común y la que se alimenta de diversas especies de mamíferos silvestres, así como de ungulados domésticos (Johnson et al. 2014). También se considera como una de las principales especies hospederas y transmisoras de la rabia (Correa-Scheffer et al. 2014).


jueves, 12 de mayo de 2016

Los estudios sobre vertebrados y su aplicacion en recomendaciones de manejo


ISBN: 978-607-424-558-5
Las Áreas Naturales Protegidas y la Investigación Científica en México

Capítulo XIII

Los estudios sobre vertebrados y su aplicación en recomendaciones de manejo
Resumen

El capítulo trata sobre el papel de las Áreas Protegidas, sobre todo Reservas de la Biosfera, desde que fueron establecidas las primeras de Latinoamérica en México: "Mapimí", representando el Desierto Chihuahuense, y "La Michilía" representando los bosques templados secos de la Sierra Madre Occidental, como sitios idelaes para llevar a cabo investigaciones sobre las poblaciones faunísticas, comunidades y ecosistemas que generen información básica para el mejor entendimiento, uso y conservación de los recursos naturales. Como ejemplos, se tratan los estudios generados sobre los venados en México, que son considerados como el recurso cinegético más importante en el país, y muy utilizado por las comunidades indígenas como un recurso alimentario importante, cuyos resultados han servido para diseñar planes de manejo a través de las Unidades de Conservación y Manejo (UMA).

Otro ejemplo son los estudios ecológicos a largo plazo, sobre todo incluyendo las comunidades de roedores, lagomorfos y carnívoros, dentro del Programa LTER (Long Term Ecological Research), que se inicia en México en 1994 instalando los sitios de monitoreo en la Reserva de la Biósfera "Mapimí", Durango, y se formaliza como Mex-LTER en abril de 2002 junto con otros ocho sitios.

miércoles, 30 de marzo de 2016

First phylogenetic analysis of Mesoamerican brocket deer Mazama pandora and Mazama temama (Cetartiodactyla: Cervidae) based on mitochondrial sequences: Implications for Neotropical deer evolution



Mammalian Biology 81 (2016) 303–313
First phylogenetic analysis of Mesoamerican brocket deer Mazama pandora and Mazama temama (Cetartiodactyla: Cervidae) based on mitochondrial sequences: Implications for Neotropical deer evolution
Luis A. Escobedo-Morales • Salvador Mandujano
Luis E. Eguiarte • Marco A. Rodríguez-Rodríguez
Jesús E. Maldonado

Abstract

Several recent studies have tried to unravel the complex evolutionary history of Neotropical cervids. However, the two Mesoamerican brocket deer Mazama pandora and M. temama have not been included in these studies and their relationship to other Neotropical cervids remains unclear. Here, we present analyses that included concatenated sequences from the mitochondrial genes ND2, Cytb, and tRNA-Pro-Control region.

Our results suggest that both Mesoamerican brocket deer fall within the “red” clade, more closely related to genus Odocoileus and red brocket deer species, such as South American Mazama americana, M. bororo, M. nana, and M. rufina.

We estimated that M. temama diverged from other red brocket deer ca. two MYA. Two hypothesis emerge regarding the relationship of the Yucatan brocket deer M. pandora with respect to the other Neotropical deer.
  • The first one, based on analyses of concatenated sequences from all three genes, implies an early split from a larger clade that includes Odocoileus and other red Mazama species, with an estimated divergence time dating back to 2.7 MYA. This would suggest isolation on the Yucatan peninsula, limiting the crossing of this species into South America.
  • The second one, based only on Cytb, places M. pandora more closely related to Odocoileus and with an estimated divergence time of ca. 1.9 MYA. This would suggest that the humid tropical forests of Mexico and Central America could have been the most likely place of origin of members of the red brocket deer clade.
Deer colonization into South America occurred after the complete formation of the Panamanian land bridge in the late Pliocene, more than one ancestor of the gray brocket deer clade crossed into South America, as well as a red brocket deer ancestor and Odocoileus dispersed southward. A posterior event probably occurred when divergent ancestors of M. temama and M. pandora respectively moved northward after the split with South American red brocket deer.

Our results add to the growing body of evidence calling for an extensive taxonomic revision of this group, and we concur with previous recommendations that the generic taxonomic designation of Mazama should be applied not only to the red brocket deer but also to all of the species currently recognized under the genus Odocoileus.

miércoles, 2 de marzo de 2016

Abundancia relativa de la zorra gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus en la zona centro de Veracruz México


ISSN impreso: 0034-7744
ISSN electrónico: 2215-2075
Abundancia relativa de la zorra gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Carnívora: Canidae) en la zona centro de Veracruz, México
Sonia Gallina T. • Paloma López-Colunga
Carolina Valdespino • Verónica Farías

Abstract

Relative abundance of the gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Carnívora: Canidae) in Veracruz central area, Mexico. The gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, is a medium-size canid widely distributed in México. Most studies on this species focus on habitat use, home range, diet, intraguild competence, and lanscape distribution between urban and rural sites. In central Veracruz, gray foxes are present in fragments of cloud forest and in shaded coffee plantations; nevertheless, its abundance has not yet been compared among other vegetation types found in the area, such as sugarcane plantations. In this study we described gray foxes abundance variations using 500 m transects, among sugarcane plantations, shaded coffee plantations, and cloud forest fragments throughout eight months, by scat counting in three sites of each cover type. We reported the relative abundance index for each cover type and each month, and evaluated its relationship with four landscape features:
  1. shade percent,
  2. trail density,
  3. human population density, and
  4. habitat juxtaposition, in influence areas of 450 ha around sampling sites.
Abundance comparison among cover types showed lower abundances in cloud forest fragments and higher abundances in coffee and sugarcane plantations. No significant differences were found throughout months (p = 0.476). We proposed that higher abundances in plantations may be related to the presence of rodent plagues and fruit trees which offer food resources to gray foxes. The evaluation of landscape features showed that only medium-impact trail density and human population density were positively correlated with gray fox abundance; fact that demonstrates that this canid can coexist with humans in rural sites. We highlight the gray fox capacity to take advantage of heterogeneous landscapes.